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Winter Storm Fern: What Families Are Facing Right Now

Families in impacted areas are facing fear, exhaustion and uncertainty in the days ahead as below freezing temperatures persist and power grids threaten to fail some of the most vulnerable families in rural or mountainous areas of the county. 

Top rated sources like The Weather Channel report power outages, sub-zero temperatures, icy and impassable roads, and historic school closures as results of Winter Storm Fern which has impacted several regions in the US and at least 34 states. 

This guide provides a few tips for families facing extreme cold, exhaustion, and power loss in the aftermath of the winter storm.

Immediate Safety Priorities During Extreme Cold

Stay Warmer by Shrinking Your Living Space 

Shrinking your living space during unprecedented cold spells is an excellent way to preserve heat and stave off hypothermia and frostbite indoors. Reduce the size of your living space by blocking off drafts, doors, and windows using blankets, shower curtains, or tarps to preserve heat in smaller spaces of your home. 

Place Aluminum Foil Behind Heat Sources 

Placing aluminum foil or reflective emergency blankets behind heat sources helps redirect warmth back into your living space instead of allowing it to escape into walls or exterior surfaces. This simple trick can improve heat efficiency in both homes and RVs, especially when using space heaters or built-in heating systems. Be sure the foil never touches heating elements directly and is securely positioned to avoid fire hazards.

Layer Clothing to Maintain Body Heat

Layering clothing indoors is one of the most effective ways to maintain body heat when temperatures drop and heating is limited. Focus on breathable base layers, insulating middle layers like fleece or wool, and an outer layer that blocks drafts.

Pay special attention to keeping feet, hands, and heads warm, as heat is lost quickly through these areas. Proper layering can significantly reduce the risk of cold-related illness without relying solely on external heat sources.

Recognize Early Warning Signs of Cold-Related Illness

Recognizing the early warning signs of cold-related illness is critical during extreme winter conditions, especially when homes lose power or adequate heat.

Symptoms such as persistent shivering, numbness, confusion, slurred speech, or extreme fatigue may indicate hypothermia, while pale or tingling skin can signal frostbite. 

Addressing these signs quickly by warming the individual and seeking medical attention when necessary can prevent serious health complications.

Dangers of Indoor Propane, Charcoal, and Gas Use

Using propane heaters, charcoal grills, or gas-powered appliances indoors during cold weather can be extremely dangerous and life-threatening. These devices produce carbon monoxide, an odorless and invisible gas that can quickly build up in enclosed spaces and cause serious illness or death. 

Even brief indoor use without proper ventilation increases the risk of carbon monoxide poisoning and fire. To stay safe, only use fuel-burning devices exactly as intended and keep them outdoors or in well-ventilated areas approved by the manufacturer.

Safer Alternatives for Heating and Cooking During a Power Outage

When electricity is unavailable, choosing safe alternatives for heat and cooking is essential to avoid fire hazards and carbon monoxide exposure. Focus on methods that retain heat rather than create it, such as insulating living spaces, using layered bedding, and warming the body directly with blankets or hot water bottles. 

For cooking, rely on shelf-stable foods, no-cook meals, or outdoor-approved camp stoves used well away from living areas. Prioritizing safety over convenience helps reduce risk while meeting basic needs during extended power outages.

Staying Warm Without Power: No-Electricity, No Heater Strategies

Staying warm without power requires a shift toward conserving body heat and trapping warmth within your living space. Use blankets, sleeping bags, and extra insulation to create layered barriers that hold heat close to the body, especially while sleeping or resting. 

Designate a single “warm room” by closing off unused areas and concentrating insulation and activity in one space to reduce heat loss. Improve heat retention by covering windows with bubble wrap or thick curtains, sealing door gaps with draft blockers, and adding rugs, cardboard, or foam layers to cold floors. 

These simple strategies can significantly increase indoor warmth without relying on electricity or fuel.

Emergency Heating Options 

Emergency heating options can provide temporary relief during extreme cold, but they must be used with caution to prevent fires and carbon monoxide exposure. Space heaters should only be placed on flat, stable surfaces away from flammable materials and never left unattended or used while sleeping. 

Generators must always be operated outdoors and far from windows, doors, and vents to prevent deadly exhaust fumes from entering living spaces. 

As a last resort, vehicle heat may be used briefly by warming the vehicle outdoors with the engine running and the exhaust fully clear of snow or ice, then turning the engine off before returning indoors.

Food and Water Safety During Power Outages

Protecting Refrigerated and Frozen Food

Power outages during extreme cold can put food safety at risk, making it important to understand how long refrigerated and frozen items remain safe. Refrigerated food typically stays safe for about four hours without power if the door remains closed, while a full freezer can hold safe temperatures for up to 48 hours. 

Discard perishable foods such as meat, dairy, and leftovers if they have been above 40°F for more than two hours, even if they appear normal. In cold weather, sealed food can sometimes be safely stored in insulated containers placed outdoors, but it should be protected from animals, moisture, and temperature swings to prevent contamination

Safe Drinking Water Solutions

Access to safe drinking water is critical during power outages, especially when pipes freeze or municipal supplies are interrupted. Snow can be used as a temporary water source, but it should always be melted and boiled before drinking to eliminate bacteria and contaminants.

Pay attention to boil water advisories issued by local authorities, and consider using water purification methods such as filters, tablets, or drops when boiling isn’t possible.

Prioritize hydration for vulnerable family members, including children and the elderly, offering small, frequent sips to maintain fluid balance and prevent dehydration in cold conditions.

Travel Restrictions and Icy Road Safety

When “Not” to Travel

During winter storms, icy roads create extremely hazardous conditions that can lead to accidents, stranded vehicles, and delayed emergency response. Even experienced drivers are at risk of losing control on slick surfaces, and snow or ice can quickly block roads and prevent rescue or repair crews from reaching you. 

Safe Winter Driving Tips

Travel should be limited to legitimate  emergencies only, such as seeking medical care or evacuating unsafe conditions. If travel is unavoidable, ensure your vehicle is fully prepared with emergency supplies, inform someone of your route, and avoid unnecessary trips until roads have been treated and conditions improve.

If Travel Is Unavoidable

If you must travel during a winter storm, preparation is key to staying safe. Start by assembling an emergency winter travel kit that includes blankets, warm clothing, water, non-perishable snacks, a flashlight, first aid supplies, a shovel, ice scraper, and traction aids like sand or cat litter. 

When driving on ice and snow, reduce speed, accelerate and brake gently, and maintain a greater following distance to prevent skidding.

If you become stranded, stay inside your vehicle, run the engine and heat sparingly for short periods with the exhaust pipe clear of snow, signal for help using hazard lights or a bright cloth, and ration food and water while waiting for assistance.

Winter Storm Help and Assistance Available in the US

Emergency and Disaster Relief Resources

During Winter Storm Fern, residents of Illinois, Virginia, West Virginia, and North Carolina can access a variety of emergency and disaster relief resources to help stay safe, warm, and fed.

The United Way 211 System is a national service based program that provides resources in each state for up-to-date information on local shelters, heating centers, food distribution sites, and volunteer services. Simply dial 2-1-1 or visit their state-specific websites to connect with assistance quickly.

FEMA Disaster Assistance offers support for families impacted by the storm, including help with temporary housing, emergency repairs, and financial aid for critical needs. Apply online at FEMA.gov or call 1-800-621-3362 for guidance.

Local emergency management agencies in each state coordinate disaster response and provide real-time alerts on road conditions, power outages, and shelter openings:

• Illinois: Illinois Emergency Management Agency (IEMA)
• Virginia: Virginia Department of Emergency Management (VDEM)
• West Virginia: West Virginia Division of Homeland Security & Emergency Management (WV DHSEM)
• North Carolina: North Carolina Emergency Management (NCEM)

Organizations like the American Red Cross, The Salvation Army, local churches, and community warming shelters provide food, clothing, and temporary shelter for families in need. Check local chapters for shelter locations, extended hours, and volunteer assistance.

These community resources are especially valuable for families without power, heat, or safe travel options during the storm.

Residents in other states affected by Winter Storm Fern can access similar emergency and disaster relief resources by searching online for terms like “winter storm shelters [Enter Your State, City, or Region Name]”, “FEMA disaster assistance [state]”, or “heating centers near me”.

Most US states have a 211 hotline or a dedicated emergency management website that provides up-to-date information on shelters, warming centers, food distribution, and utility assistance. 

Local chapters of the Red Cross, Salvation Army, and faith-based organizations also often maintain lists of community support services that can help families stay safe, warm, and fed during power outages and extreme cold conditions.

Utility, Heating, and Housing Support

During extreme winter storms, utility and housing support can be a lifeline for families facing power outages or heating challenges. Many states enforce utility shutoff protections during severe weather, ensuring that electricity, gas, and water services cannot be disconnected for nonpayment while residents are at risk of cold-related health issues.

The Low Income Home Energy Assistance Program (LIHEAP) provides financial help to households struggling to pay heating bills or obtain fuel during winter months. Eligible families can receive assistance for emergency heating repairs, fuel delivery, or bill payments.

Apply for LIHEAP or LIEAP through your state’s social services or energy assistance office to determine eligibility and funding availability.

For families displaced or without heat, temporary shelters and hotel voucher programs may be available through local emergency management agencies, the Red Cross, Salvation Army, or community-based organizations.

These programs offer a safe, warm place to stay until power and heating are restored, ensuring that vulnerable members of the household—including children, seniors, and individuals with medical conditions—remain protected from extreme cold.

Supporting Vulnerable Family Members During The Winter Storm

Children, Seniors, Those with Disabilities, and Pets

Children, seniors, individuals with disabilities, and pets are especially vulnerable during extreme cold and power outages, and extra precautions are necessary to keep them safe. Ensure everyone is dressed in multiple layers, has access to warm blankets or sleeping bags, and is located in the warmest part of the home or RV.

For pets, provide insulated bedding, a warm shelter away from drafts, and access to fresh water. Animals are just as susceptible to hypothermia and frostbite as humans, so monitoring their behavior and physical condition is essential.

Proper medication storage is critical during power loss. Many prescriptions—especially insulin, liquid medications, or temperature-sensitive drugs—require a stable environment.

Use coolers with ice packs, insulated containers, or a designated warm area to maintain stability, and follow pharmacist guidance whenever possible. Pets may also require special care; for example, some medications for chronic conditions must remain at controlled temperatures.

Closely monitor health risks by checking for signs of hypothermia, frostbite, or dehydration, particularly in those who cannot communicate discomfort easily.

Watch for hypothermia symptoms includin unusual fatigue, shivering, confusion, or pale extremities in humans, and lethargy, shivering, or cold extremities in pets. Seek medical attention or veterinary care promptly if symptoms worsen.

Regular monitoring, proactive care, and maintaining a warm environment can prevent serious complications and ensure all vulnerable family members—including pets—remain safe throughout the storm.

Extra Tips for Pet Safety During Winter Storms

• Keep pets indoors whenever possible.

• Provide extra food and water, as cold weather increases caloric needs.

• Avoid leaving pets in cars, garages, or outdoor shelters during extreme cold.

• Use heated pet mats or insulated crates if the indoor space is limited or cooler than normal.

Mental and Emotional Well-Being in the Aftermath The Winter Storm

Prolonged emergencies like Winter Storm Fern can take a serious toll on mental and emotional well-being. Managing stress, anxiety, and trauma during and after the storm is essential for maintaining clarity and resilience.

Simple practices such as maintaining routines, staying connected with friends and family by phone or messaging, and taking brief moments to breathe or stretch can help reduce tension.

Tips on Managing Anxiety While Snowed In

Children may experience fear or confusion due to power outages, road closures, or disrupted routines.

Helping children cope involves offering reassurance, explaining the situation in simple terms, maintaining normal schedules where possible, and providing comfort through familiar activities, games, or storytelling.

It is important to know when and how to seek mental health support. Crisis hotlines, virtual counseling services, and local mental health providers can offer guidance and intervention during extreme stress. 

For individuals who are victims of domestic violence and are stranded or snowed in with their abuser, contact local hotlines, shelters, or online support networks for immediate assistance.

In the U.S., the National Domestic Violence Hotline is reachable 24/7 at 1-800-799-SAFE (7233) or via their secure online chat for confidential help and resources.

Community Support and Mutual Aid

During extreme winter storms, leaning on your community can make a critical difference in staying safe and supported. Checking on neighbors safely—especially the elderly, disabled, or those living alone—can prevent medical emergencies and ensure basic needs are met.

Always maintain physical safety by dressing warmly, using cleared paths, and avoiding risky travel on icy roads.

Sharing resources and information locally helps everyone respond more effectively. This can include notifying neighbors of warming centers, available food or water, cleared pathways, or power restoration updates.

Coordinating simple tasks like snow shoveling or sharing extra blankets can reduce risk and strengthen community resilience.

Local community groups, churches, and nonprofits often operate warming shelters, food pantries, and emergency support networks. Many areas also maintain Facebook community pages and emergency groups where residents post real-time updates, request help, or offer assistance during outages.

Searching for terms like “[town/city] winter storm help” or “[county] emergency updates” on Facebook or other social platforms can connect you to digital networks providing critical support and information throughout the storm.

Preparing for Extended or Repeated Outages

When winter storm impacts last days or even weeks, planning ahead becomes essential to keep your household safe and comfortable. Prioritize securing sufficient food, water, and warmth, and establish routines that conserve energy and prevent heat loss.

Rotate heating efforts between rooms, layer clothing strategically, and ration perishable supplies to ensure they last as long as possible.

Building a low-cost emergency kit can make a huge difference in long-term outages. Include items such as non-perishable foods, bottled water, blankets or emergency sleeping bags, flashlights with extra batteries, a battery-powered radio, first aid supplies, warm clothing, and basic tools for minor repairs.

In an RV, add portable water containers, fuel for safe heaters, and insulation materials like foam board or tarps.

Finally, families can take valuable lessons forward for future storms. Keep a written checklist of emergency supplies, track which strategies worked best for staying warm and safe, and establish communication plans with neighbors or local support networks.

Preparing in advance reduces stress, improves safety, and ensures households are better equipped for subsequent storms or prolonged outages.

You Are Not Alone

Facing the impacts of Winter Storm Fern can feel overwhelming, but it’s important to remember that you are not alone. Many families across the country are navigating similar challenges, and there are resources, support networks, and emergency services ready to help you stay safe and warm.

This storm is a reminder of the resilience and strength found in communities. By leaning on neighbors, local organizations, and digital support networks, families can overcome difficult conditions together. Acts of kindness, shared resources, and simple check-ins create a stronger safety net for everyone impacted.

Finally, share this guide with others who may need it. Whether it’s family members, friends, or neighbors, spreading practical advice and resources ensures more people have access to the information they need to protect themselves and their loved ones during Winter Storm Fern.

Every shared tip can make a real difference in someone’s ability to stay safe.

Michelle S. Loyd – msloydwrites
B.Sc. Psychology | M.Sc. Information Systems Management | M.Sc. Human Resource Management

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